Cover Letter

April 29th, 2008

888 Grant St.
Indiana, PA 15701-1094

April 28, 2008

Dr. Kenneth Sherwood
English Department
Leonard Hall, Room 110
Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Indiana, PA 15705-1094

Dear Dr. Sherwood

This paper, although only ten pages became the biggest project that I had for the semester. My fickleness forced me to spend grueling minutes on the smallest of tasks to allow this paper to take form. My progress improved as the deadline drew near, as I actually started getting my thoughts into order. Looking back on my mini-essay, my idea for the research paper was the One Laptop per Child organization. I had a hard time organizing my thoughts to come up with a question concerning this topic and elaborating on it. So, I then considered the topic of solar energy use. As I began to search more about this subject, I began to realize that I did not have a well-formulated question to support a ten page paper. After frustrating myself by not making a firm decision on a topic, I considered a problem that was somewhat familiar to me. My thoughts started drifting to the problem of child obesity and their excessive media viewing habits. This change of mind is the reason that I have two bibliographies, source groupings, and other parts of my blog. After setting up this final basic idea, I began to collect information from various sources. Ebsco-Host helped me out a lot, giving me many sources of valuable information, as did our library, where I actually learned how to find a book by looking at the code. When starting off the paper, I wrote many of my own ideas without any of the support I had collected to back my words up. After you revised it, I learned that I needed to verify my work with solid facts about this topic of weight gain and media networking. Applying more of the sources that I researched throughout my paper allowed the information to be more substantial and to flow more easily. 

 

When actually writing the first draft, I found that the outline you had us write in class and post on our blog was very helpful in allowing me to focus on what I needed to explain in an orderly fashion. It became a nice tool for adjusting the paragraphs into place. I liked how the working bibliography was established onto the blog at a very early stage, so that I could go back and adjust it exactly as needed, instead of making a hurried version when the body of the paper was finished. The concept of putting every step into a blog was somewhat challenging to me. I had never really participated in blogging before, so this was a new experience. Though putting each step onto Lyceum was much more work than just typing out the actual paper, I am glad that I had to do it because it was a new experience, and in some ways it really did help me to reference my work and to compare with my classmate’s work. This paper gave me a better understanding of what a research paper is really about and how to complete one efficiently. Although I had written one in high school, the concept of asking and answering a question was not fully present then. During the course of this paper, I feel that there was a finished question with a good attempt at answering it. I have learned from this experience that the more I write, the better I will become at it, just like anything else. 

 

Sincerely, 

 

 

 

Adrienne Goss

revision plan

April 24th, 2008

my draft is pretty sufficient but does need some work. i need to do some editing throughout the body and focus more on the actual cause and answer to the question. more sitings need to be dispersed into the paper to support my words. a little bit of organizing also needs to be taken care of.

new source

April 21st, 2008

http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=5&hid=116&sid=cc78360c-3f0a-4fe8-9a9a-63d1e2dfaa52%40sessionmgr109

Childhood Obesity: A Societal Problem to Solve

Authors: M. B. Schwartz and R. Puhl

Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

Received 7 August 2002; revised 24 October

2002; accepted 6 November 2002

 

-children predestined to enjoy sweets and salts over any other taste

- neophobia - fear of new foods prohibits children from getting a well-balanced diet

- our society is OBSESSED with food. new products out all the time

- today’s overweight children to be tomorrow’s group of anorexics and bulimics?

- obesity leads to depression

 

source

April 18th, 2008
Fat cells are laid down in the first few years of life. If fat is stored quickly, more fat cells are created. So an obese child can have up to three times as many as a normal child. Eventually, fat cells stop multiplying and an adult has a fixed number for the rest of their life. The existing cells simply swell or shrink to accommodate more fat.


The amount of fat the body wants to store is thought to be proportional to the total number of fat cells. So if you were overweight as a child, your body is programmed to carry more fat. This doesn’t mean that you can’t lose weight through diet and exercise, but it will be harder.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/obesity/children.shtml

Jane Wardle. “The Problem with Childhood Obesity”  BBC. 2004. 18 April 2008.

WORKS CITED

April 17th, 2008

Works Cited
Alvy, Lisa M. & Sandra L. Calvert. “Food Marketing on Popular Children’s Web Sites:

A Content Analysis.”  Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 108 (2008):

710-713. 

Atkins, Betsey. “Advertising Affects Children’s Food Choices.” Dr.Koop. 2007. 15 April

2008. <http://www.drkoop.com/newsdetail/93/8016822.html>

Batada, Ameena DrPH et al. “Nine out of 10 Food Advertisements Shown During

Saturday Morning Children’s Television Programming Are for Foods High in Fat,

Sodium, or Added Sugars, or Low in Nutrients.” Journal of the American Dietetic
Association. 108 (2008):673-678.

 “Childhood Obesity.” Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia (2008): 3 April 2008
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_obesity>.
Dalton, Sharron. Our Overweight Children: What Parents, Schools, and Communities
Can Do to Control the Fatness Epidemic. California: California UP, 2004.
Linn, Susan. Consuming Kids: The Hostile Takeover of Childhood. New York: The New

Press, 2004.

Livingstone, Sonia and Moira Bovill, eds. Children and Their Changing
Media Environment: A European Comparative Study. New Jersey: Lawrence

Erlbaum, 2001.

“The Role of Media on Childhood Obesity.” Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (2004):

3 April 2008 <http://www.kff.org/entmedia/upload/The-Role-Of-Media-in-
Childhood-Obesity.pdf>.

proposal revisal

April 11th, 2008

i need to shift my energy to focusing on the effects of advertising on the media as the cause of obesity in adolescents.  just spending the excess amount of time isn’t actually the cause of becoming overweight-although the decreased amount of exercise because of this is to blame in part.

How does media-based advertising directed at children influence their lifestyles to lead to obesity along with the time spent on media and how can this be controlled to the point that kids stay active amidst these temptational ads selling fat and sugar?

  –watching enticing fast food commercials and ads for candy creates cravings for these items- the way advertisers relate to kids’ interest and desires to latch them onto their specific product by selling fun, games, prizes, their favorite cartoon characters, etc

once advertisers have children’s interest, the parents giving in to their children’s wants is the next step. 

source notes

April 9th, 2008

Childhood Obesity: Prevention and Treatment

authors: Parizkova, Jana and Andrew Hills

 many studies confirm that child obesity is directly related to how much time is spent watching TV and that TV reps a greater reality than ‘real life’. added to this new reality is advertisements for food and drinks that are luring and frequent (10)

programs for weight management in adolescents: outpatient programs, summer camps, school-based programs, principles of weight reduction diets for obese children(271)

“walking is one of the most effective modalities for children, adolescents, and adults”

frequency, duration, intensity of exercise is the main key to keeping healthy (287)

lifestyle habits to reduce inactivity: stairs in place of elevator, walking in place of driving to anywhere, exercise whenever a bit of time, encourage any kind of physical activity.

source

April 9th, 2008

Harm and Offence in Media Content: A review of the evidence

authors: Hargrave, Andrea Millwood & Sonia Livingstone.

Advertising:\”$15 billion per year is spent on marketing and advertising to under 12s in the US, double the amount spent a decade before; the average child sees some 40,000 television advertisements per year; and collectively they influence $500 billion in annual spending on fast/junk food, toys, etc. (Children Now, 2005).\”

\”..potential harms caused to children\’s health by the advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar.  …advertised diet differs significantly from the recommeneded diet, and that television advertising directly affects children\’s food knowledge, prferences and behaviour (Livingstone, 2005; Livingstone & Helsper, in press).\”

        -an intended consequence of food advertising.

“…food is the most advertised product category on children’s television, and that confectionery, cearals and savoury snacks are the most advertised” Lewis and Hill (1998). ”

“60% of food advertisements to children are for convenience foods, 6% for fast food outlets, and the remainder for cereals and confectionery (c.f. Young, 2003).”

                - these two talking of problem in UK

“Hitchings and Moynihan (1998) conducted a survey in private and state schools. They found that children recall cereals, confectionery, and soft drink advertisements more tahn any other type of advertisement. The strongest relationships between recall and consumption are for soft drinks, crisps, cakes and sweets. They also found taht higher levels of television viewing are positively assoceiated with the number of purchase requests made to parents.”

“..it may be bc younger children have lower media (or advertising) literacy, they are more likely to be persuaded by dvertising that is based on celebrities, jingles, colourful images, and teh attractive physcial features of a product. Older children, especially teenagers, whose media literacy is greater, are more likely to be persuaded by advertising strategies based on argumentation, especially those that contain high quality arguments and responses to counterarguments. These arguments concern influence, whether positive or neg. in outcome, and depend on what is being advertised.”

outline

April 9th, 2008

Adrienne Goss
English 202-Research Writing
Professor Sherwood
April 9, 2008
Get Moving
The obesity epidemic among our current population of children and teenagers is becoming an ever-growing problem and their interest in media is mostly to blame. Our culture needs to figure out a way to prevent kids from spending all of their spare time searching the web, conversing with people online, gaming, and watching television; instead, we must invigorate an interest in them to become active participants in physical activities that are good for their health and wellness, or future generations will suffer.

I. Obesity due to media

            A. Kids spending all of their free time on various forms of media
1)   Why?
a.   Well funded advertisement campaigns
b.   Accessibility within the environment of the home
c.   Television and computers have been engrained in their lives since birth
            B. Advertisements
1)   Food companies gearing their advertisements toward child affiliated websites
2)   Food websites assimilating a child friendly environment
3)  TV food commercials
II. What adolescents are spending their time socializing online
                              1) Instant Messenger
                              2) Chat Rooms
                              3) Blogging
            B. Gaming
                              1) Computer/video games
             C. Searching the web
                             1) Acquiring Information
                                      A. Personal gains
                                      B. school work
                             2) Shopping           
            D. Entertainment
                              1) Downloading/listening music or video
                              2) YouTube
                              3) Myspace/Facebook
III.   Culture’s Contribution to Problem
          
            A.  Parental Involvement
                              
                              1) Guidelines for what kids eat
            B. School’s Role
                              1) in physical activity
 
                              2) healthy eating choices
            C. Government’s childhood overweight and obesity prevention programs
        
            D. Entertainment Ad Control
           
 

interest groups

April 7th, 2008

sociologists-studying the broad range of children and teens addicted to media and the results because of it in Western countries

parents-to know how to control this and to prevent obesity in their kids before it happens

anyone studying commercial media-this is the main activity kids are spending their time on-watching television, playing computer or video games, searching the web, instant messaging and web chats

studiers of children’s health-what is to learn about what’s going on now, and what to look forward to in the future. will this overweight epidemic become better or worse?

companies of entertainment related to kids’ viewing-how they can benefit

psychologists-how to work with children and teens suffering from obesity because of media addictions or working with the guardians of these kids to spend more physical time with them..

high-weight related disease educators such as dietiticians/diabetes educators-so they know what who is coming into their offices and why and the most effective ways of treating these adolescent patients

new media programmers-producing a game that blows away every other so that kids will want to waste their lives away beating ONLY their bad guys etc.